Solar System Data l Distances between planets & moons

Note: The data on these pages has been compiled from a number of sources none of which agree on all items. Some of this data, especially for the smaller satellites, is not very accurate in the first place. Furthermore, orbits vary slightly over time due to gravitational interactions. The accuracy of mass and density data is also limited by the uncertainty in the value of the gravitational constant.

This page presents data on the orbits of the planets and moons along with some historical data.
The physical data page presents data about the objects themselves.
A third page presents some additional miscellaneous data about the planets (only).
The recently discovered tiny moons of Jupiter and Saturn are not included here (but see the links).
The History and Extrema pages highlight some interesting aspects of this data.
Much more accurate and detailed data is available from JPL’s Horizons telnet interface or the Solar System Dynamics Web site
How to compute planetary positions, by Paul Schlyter
Tutorial on computing planetary positions, by Paul Schlyter
another page on Astronomical Calculations
source code for many astronomical algorithms
math, volume, fraction and circumference calculators at Pi Day

See below for a key to the columns.

Orbital and Historical Data

Name	#	Orbits	Distance (000 km)	O_Period (days)	Incl	Eccen	Discoverer	Date	A.K.A.
Sun	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	Sol (0)

Mercury	I	Sun	57910	87.97	7	0.21	-	-	(0)
Venus	II	Sun	108200	224.7	3.39	0.01	-	-	(0)
Earth	III	Sun	149600	365.26	0	0.02	-	-	(0)
Mars	IV	Sun	227940	686.98	1.85	0.09	-	-	(0)
Jupiter	V	Sun	778330	4332.71	1.31	0.05	-	-	(0)
Saturn	VI	Sun	1429400	10759.5	2.49	0.06	-	-	(0)
Uranus	VII	Sun	2870990	30685	0.77	0.05	Herschel	1781	(0)
Neptune	VIII	Sun	4504300	60190	1.77	0.01	Adams (9)	1846	(0)
Pluto	IX	Sun	5913520	90550	17.15	0.25	Tombaugh	1930	(0)

Moon	I	Earth	384	27.32	5.14	0.05	-	-	Luna (0)
Phobos	I	Mars	9	0.32	1	0.02	Hall	1877
Deimos	II	Mars	23	1.26	1.8	0	Hall	1877

Metis	XVI	Jupiter	128	0.29	0	0	Synnott	1979	1979 J 3
Adrastea	XV	Jupiter	129	0.3	0	0	Jewitt(1)	1979	1979 J1
Amalthea	V	Jupiter	181	0.5	0.4	0	Barnard	1892
Thebe	XIV	Jupiter	222	0.67	0.8	0.02	Synnott	1979	1979 J2
Io	I	Jupiter	422	1.77	0.04	0	Galileo (2)	1610
Europa	II	Jupiter	671	3.55	0.47	0.01	Galileo (2)	1610
Ganymede	III	Jupiter	1070	7.15	0.19	0	Galileo (2)	1610
Callisto	IV	Jupiter	1883	16.69	0.28	0.01	Galileo (2)	1610
Themisto	XVIII	Jupiter	7507				Sheppard(i)	2000	S/1975 J 1, S/2000 J1
Leda	XIII	Jupiter	11094	238.72	27	0.15	Kowal	1974
Himalia	VI	Jupiter	11480	250.57	28	0.16	Perrine	1904
Lysithea	X	Jupiter	11720	259.22	29	0.11	Nicholson	1938
Elara	VII	Jupiter	11737	259.65	28	0.21	Perrine	1905
Ananke	XII	Jupiter	21200	-631	147	0.17	Nicholson	1951
Carme	XI	Jupiter	22600	-692	163	0.21	Nicholson	1938
Pasiphae	VIII	Jupiter	23500	-735	147	0.38	Melotte	1908
Sinope	IX	Jupiter	23700	-758	153	0.28	Nicholson	1914
Iocaste	XXIV	Jupiter	20216				Sheppard(i)	2000	S/2000 J 3
Harpalyke	XXII	Jupiter	21132				Sheppard(i)	2000	S/2000 J 5
Praxidike	XXVII	jupiter	20964				Sheppard(i)	2000	S/2000 J 7
Taygete	XX	Jupiter	23312				Sheppard(i)	2000	S/2000 J 9
Chaldene	XXI	Jupiter	23387				Sheppard(i)	2000	S/2000 J 10
Kalyke	XXIII	jupiter	23745				Sheppard(i)	2000	S/2000 J 2
Callirrhoe	XVII	Jupiter	24100				Sheppard(i)	2000	S/1999 J 1
Megaclite	XIX	Jupiter	23911				Sheppard(i)	2000	S/2000 J 8
Isonoe	XXVI	Jupiter	23078				Sheppard(i)	2000	S/2000 J 6
Erinome	XXV	Jupiter	23168				Sheppard(i)	2000	S/2000 J 4

Pan	XVIII	Saturn	134	0.58	0	0	Showalter	1990	1981 S 13
Atlas	XV	Saturn	138	0.6	0	0	Terrile	1980	1980 S 28
Prometheus	XVI	Saturn	139	0.61	0	0	Collins (3)	1980	1980 S 27
Pandora	XVII	Saturn	142	0.63	0	0	Collins (3)	1980	1980 S 26
Epimetheus	XI	Saturn	151	0.69	0.34	0.01	Walker(8)	1980	1980 S 3
Janus	X	Saturn	151	0.69	0.14	0.01	Dollfus	1966	1980 S 1
Mimas	I	Saturn	186	0.94	1.53	0.02	Herschel	1789
Enceladus	II	Saturn	238	1.37	0.02	0	Herschel	1789
Tethys	III	Saturn	295	1.89	1.09	0	Cassini	1684
Telesto	XIII	Saturn	295	1.89	0	0	Smith(6)	1980	1980 S 13
Calypso	XIV	Saturn	295	1.89	0	0	Pascu(7)	1980	1980 S 25
Dione	IV	Saturn	377	2.74	0.02	0	Cassini	1684
Helene	XII	Saturn	377	2.74	0.2	0.01	Laques(4)	1980	1980 S 6, Dione B
Rhea	V	Saturn	527	4.52	0.35	0	Cassini	1672
Titan	VI	Saturn	1222	15.95	0.33	0.03	Huygens	1655
Hyperion	VII	Saturn	1481	21.28	0.43	0.1	Bond (5)	1848
Iapetus	VIII	Saturn	3561	79.33	14.72	0.03	Cassini	1671
Phoebe	IX	Saturn	12952	-550.48	175.3	0.16	Pickering	1898

Cordelia	VI	Uranus	50	0.34	0.14	0	Voyager 2	1986	1986 U 7
Ophelia	VII	Uranus	54	0.38	0.09	0	Voyager 2	1986	1987 U 8
Bianca	VIII	Uranus	59	0.43	0.16	0	Voyager 2	1986	1988 U 9
Cressida	IX	Uranus	62	0.46	0.04	0	Voyager 2	1986	1986 U 3
Desdemona	X	Uranus	63	0.47	0.16	0	Voyager 2	1986	1986 U 6
Juliet	XI	Uranus	64	0.49	0.06	0	Voyager 2	1986	1986 U 2
Portia	XII	Uranus	66	0.51	0.09	0	Voyager 2	1986	1986 U 1
Rosalind	XIII	Uranus	70	0.56	0.28	0	Voyager 2	1986	1986 U 4
Belinda	XIV	Uranus	75	0.62	0.03	0	Voyager 2	1986	1986 U 5
Puck	XV	Uranus	86	0.76	0.31	0	Voyager 2	1985	1985 U 1
Miranda	V	Uranus	130	1.41	4.22	0	Kuiper	1948
Ariel	I	Uranus	191	2.52	0	0	Lassell	1851
Umbriel	II	Uranus	266	4.14	0	0	Lassell	1851
Titania	III	Uranus	436	8.71	0	0	Herschel	1787
Oberon	IV	Uranus	583	13.46	0	0	Herschel	1787
Caliban	XVI	Uranus	7169	-580	140	0.08	Gladman (c)	1997	1997U 1
Stephano	XX	Uranus	7948	-674	143	0.24	Gladman (f)	1999	1999 U 2
Sycorax	XVII	Uranus	12213	-1289	153	0.51	Nicholson (e)	1997	1997 U 2
Prospero	XVIII	Uranus	16568	-2019	152	0.44	Holman (g)	1999	1999 U 3
Setebos	XIX	Uranus	17681	-2239	158	0.57	Kavelaars(d)	1999	1999 U 1
Trinculo	XXI	Uranus					Gladman (f)	2001	2001 U 1

Naiad	III	Neptune	48	0.29	0	0	Voyager 2	1989	1989 N 6
Thalassa	IV	Neptune	50	0.31	4.5	0	Voyager 2	1989	1989 N 5
Despina	V	Neptune	53	0.33	0	0	Voyager 2	1989	1989 N 3
Galatea	VI	Neptune	62	0.43	0	0	Voyager 2	1989	1989 N 4
Larissa	VII	Neptune	74	0.55	0	0	Reitsema(h)	1989	1989 N 2
Proteus	VIII	Neptune	118	1.12	0	0	Voyager 2	2	1989 N 1
Triton	I	Neptune	355	-5.88	157	0	Lassell	1846
Nereid	II	Neptune	5513	360.13	29	0.75	Kuiper	1949

Charon	I	Pluto	20	6.39	98.8	0	Christy	1978	1978 P 1
Nix	II	Pluto	49	24.86	0.2	0	Stern(j)	2005	2005 P 1
Hydra	III	Pluto	65	38.21	0.21	0	Stern(j)	2005	2005 P 2

Key:
Orbits Sun or planet about which it orbits.
Distance Mean distance (semimajor axis) between centers x1000 km.
Date Year discovered.
O_Period Sidereal period of orbit in days (negative=retrograde).
Incl Orbital inclination.
Eccen Orbital eccentricity.
A.K.A Object’s provisional name.

Notes:
(0) many other names in use
(1) & Danielson
(2) & Marius
(3) & others
(4) & Lecacheux
(5) & Lassell
(6) & Reitsema, Larson & Fountain
(7) & Seidelmann, Baum & Currie
(8) & Larson & Fountain
(9) & Le Verrier & Galle & d’Arrest
(c) & Nicholson, Burns, & Kavelaars
(d) & Gladman, Holman, Petit, & Scholl
(e) & Gladman, Burns, & Kavelaars
(f) & Holman, Kavelaars, Petit, & Scholl
(g) & Kavelaars, Gladman, Petit, & Scholl
(h) & Hubbard, Tholen, & Lebofsky
(i) & Jewitt, Fernandez, Magnier
(j) & Weaver, et al

This table and those on the other data pages were prepared with the generous help of Dr. Ellis D. Miner at JPL; his assistance was invaluable. But any errors are mine. I would greatly appreciate any bug reports and/or updates to this data.

Appendix 1a: Solar System Data

Orbital and Historical Data